NCERT Class 11 Physics Formula Sheet
Chapter 1: Physical World - Fundamental Concepts
Physics is the study of nature and its fundamental laws, covering both macroscopic and microscopic phenomena. This chapter introduces the basic framework of physical theories and observations.
🌈 Core Principles
- Scientific Method: Observation → Hypothesis → Experimentation → Theory
- Scope of Physics: Ranges from cosmic scale (astrophysics) to atomic scale (quantum physics)
- Fundamental Forces in Nature:
- Gravitational Force: Weakest but long-range; governs celestial bodies
- Electromagnetic Force: Acts between charged particles
- Strong Nuclear Force: Binds protons and neutrons in nucleus
- Weak Nuclear Force: Responsible for radioactive decay
Chapter 2: Units and Measurements
The foundation of all physical measurements and calculations. Understanding units and dimensions is crucial for solving numerical problems accurately.
📏 Units & Dimensional Analysis
Where:
M = Mass, L = Length, T = Time, I = Current, Θ = Temperature, N = Amount of substance, J = Luminous intensity
🔢 Significant Figures Rules
- All non-zero digits (1-9) are always significant (e.g., 123.45 has 5 significant figures)
- Leading zeros (before first non-zero digit) are never significant (0.0045 has 2 significant figures)
- Captive zeros (between non-zero digits) are always significant (1002 has 4 significant figures)
- Trailing zeros after decimal are significant (45.00 has 4 significant figures)
📊 Error Analysis Formulas
For multiple measurements, mean absolute error is calculated as the arithmetic mean of absolute errors.
➗ Propagation of Errors
Chapter 3: Motion in a Straight Line
Kinematics describes motion without considering its causes. This chapter covers one-dimensional motion with constant acceleration.
📍 Basic Definitions
Displacement is a vector quantity while distance is scalar.
🏃 Speed and Velocity
🚀 Acceleration Concepts
Negative acceleration is called retardation.
📈 Kinematic Equations (Constant Acceleration)
Where:
u = initial velocity, v = final velocity, a = acceleration, t = time, s = displacement
↔️ Relative Velocity in One Dimension
vAB represents velocity of object A relative to object B.
- All kinematic equations apply only when acceleration is constant
- Displacement can be zero even when distance is not zero (in round trips)
- The slope of position-time graph gives velocity
- The slope of velocity-time graph gives acceleration
Class 11 Physics Formula Sheet NCERT Physics Chapter 1-3 Formulas Units and Measurements Class 11 Motion in Straight Line Formulas Physics Dimensional Formulas Kinematic Equations PDF Error Analysis Physics JEE NEET Physics Formulas 11th Physics Important Formulas CBSE Physics Formula Sheet